A Historical Perspective And Classification Of Obpp

Introduction A historical perspective and classification of OBPP was first described by the Scottish obstetrician William Smellie in an article for midwives in 1764 [1] He documented the observation of resolution of bilateral upper extremity paralysis in a child with face presentation at birth. Danyau performed an autopsy of a newborn with brachial plexus palsy in 1851, providing the first anatomic description of this lesion.[2] but classic description of shoulder paralysis, internal rotation contracture and waiter’s tip deformity was given by Erb in 1874 as cited by Gilbert A et al. [3,4]. Duchenne and Balliere and Erb described cases of upper trunk nerve injury, attributing the findings to traction on the upper trunk, now called Erb’s palsy (or Duchenne-Erb’s palsy).[5] In 1885, the French neurologist Augusta Klumpke [6] described the clinical picture of OBPP affecting the lower plexus trunk at C8-Th1, leading to paralysis of the muscles of the hand and ipsilateral pupillar y dilatation, called Horners sign. Therefore, OBPP affecting the lower trunk is often referred to as Klumpkes palsy. OBPP diagnosed at birth is defined into three groups in accordance with the International Classification of Diseases : †¢ P 14.0 Erbs palsy caused by injury at delivery †¢ P 14.1 Klumpkes palsy caused by injury at delivery †¢ P 14.3 Other injury of the brachial plexus at delivery P 14.0 and P 14.1 are the most common diagnoses. P 14.3 is rarely used and seems to be applied in cases with

Bullying A Common Image Of Bullying - 1397 Words

Grace Kim Professor Lore English 1A 28 October 2015 Bullying Growing up I have always been the easy target to be picked on. I remember times in middle school where I would just cry myself to sleep because girls that I called my friends would pick on me. After growing some confidence I realized no one should ever have to feel less than what they are. Bullying is everywhere we go and I have no idea why it is constantly going around. Even today it is hard to go on without getting small forms of bullying. Bullying is a behavior that happens throughout each and every person’s lifetime, whether it be as the victim, the bully, or the bystander. A common image of bullying might be physical: an intimidating boy beating up a smaller child during recess for his lunch money, or verbal which can be as simple as name calling. Bullying is not healthy regardless of what form it happening. Many children do not realize that bullying can really affect someone’s life and they way someone views himself. Besides being emotionally hurt, the big issue with bullying is that people are bullying until the point in which the victim considers suicide as a solution. Suicide is the third leading cause of death among our youth. Over fourteen percent of high school students have considered suicide, and almost seven percent have attempted it. Someone’s life is irreplaceable, but we can take preventative measures and lower bullying rates by bringing it to the youth s attention. If we do notSho w MoreRelatedCyber Bullying : Bullying And Bullying1290 Words   |  6 PagesModern Literature 5 May 2014 Bullying Bullying is like a disease, it stays within the schools, and community and people are trying to stop it. It destroys the victims that get bullied. Bullying has always been around and there are people trying to prevent it from happening. Bullying is being prevented by clubs and by people taking action. Bullying damages the victims and the computers can cause cyber-bullying also the victims have problems after being bullied. Cyber bullying and it keeps people hookedRead MoreCyber Bullying : A Deep Seated Psychological Problem1359 Words   |  6 Pages Cyber Bullying Introduction Cyber bullying among teen occur when the teenagers harms or harass their peers over the information technology network. Cyber refers to any form of information technology and is not limited to social networks such as Facebook, blogs, twitter, SMS. It is important to note that an action can only be considered as bullying if it is repeated and conducted deliberatelyRead MoreBully Report Bshs 325861 Words   |  4 Pagesand Development BSHS/325 August 11, 2014 Erick Lear Bully Report Bullying is a situation where one person abuses power over another. Bullying is about power, control and abuse. Bully’s come in all shapes, sizes and forms. Bullying occurs throughout a human’s life span. The most-critical development stage of one’s personality is adolescence. Bullying during adolescence has been a major issue in every community. Bullying can happen in three known forms; direct, indirect, and cyber. Both genderRead MoreJust As The Hands Of A Clock Are Constantly Moving, Time1199 Words   |  5 Pagesthe one interaction has remained relatively the same throughout: bullying. Bullying, a negative interaction, has produced many statistics. In other words, bullying has made its mark in who the common bullies are, who are the typical victims of bullying, the repercussions of bullying, and ways in which bullying is linked to social and individual problems such as depression, anxiety, and violent tendencies. Common Links Across Bullying Societal context has provided an environment in which at some pointRead MoreShould I Drink This Beer? Essay1650 Words   |  7 Pagestrying to influence you to do something in either a good or bad way. Peer pressure can be shown in many different types of situations such as when drugs and alcohol come into an adolescent s life, worrying about their body image, and teenage sex, as well as dealing with bullying, and depression. Peer pressure shows up the most when adolescents come in contact with drugs and alcohol while they are with friends. Kathiann Kowalski from the book Teens at Risk says that â€Å"Teenagers are particularly vulnerableRead MoreMonica Lewinsky: Ted Talks950 Words   |  4 Pageswhat helped her get through it all. The main focus of the talk was harassment and bullying especially on social media. With her story as the backdrop, Monica erased from my mind the image of her in that blue beret and replaced it with the image of a confident woman who has made mistakes, suffered from her mistakes, learnt from her mistakes and grown from her mistakes. In taking this very public stance against bullying, she attacks the institutional mentality that makes public shaming permissible andRead MorePersuasive Essay On Bullying1259 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout my childhood, I was bullied. This bullying left physical and mental scars, as well as me lacking self-confidence. Whenever I attempted to defend myself or tell someone of the situation, it never worked. Either I would get bullied more by both students and teachers, or be ignored completely. This is when my father grew tired of me coming home sad and injured, he consulted the school, but they suggested settling it out with the bully’s parents. T his resulted in my father meeting the parentsRead MoreEffects Of Bullying On Kids : Do Actions Speak Louder Than Words? How Much Harm?1620 Words   |  7 PagesEffects of Bullying on Kids Do actions speak louder than words? How much harm can a word produce? Loser. Fatty. Nerd. Nobody. Worthless. Bullying has always been an issue in childhood and high school, but it isn t until this decade that the spotlight has really focused on the damage it produces in a child s life. In the past, adults just thought bullying was an innocent way kids expressed their feelings but now we have seen the true darkness in this problem. In 2007, almost a third of kids inRead MoreBullying Is A Massive Issue Around The World Essay1390 Words   |  6 PagesBullying essay for US 22750 Bullying is a massive issues around the world. In our communities and especially in our schools. As a community we need to understand the meaning of bullying, what is the definition of bullying? The different types of bullying, understanding exactly what action causes bullying to be defined as bullying. Understanding the concept of bullying is important to try and understand what the victims had to endure and struggle through and the consequences of being bullied. BecauseRead MoreWhy Bullying Is Bad Or Bad?1391 Words   |  6 Pageslike having the power that bullying has on others. Not only does bullying affect many throughout the world, but there is many different types of bullying that affect many people. There are commonly four different types of bullying. These include physical bullying, in which is when one hits, punches, kicks, or pinches another person. Also there is verbal bullying, that is when any type of rude remark is made upon another. Another type of bullying is social bullying, in which it results to one trying

The new Nurse Educator

Question: Discuss why you believe the chosen nursing theorist provides inspiration and how he/she will influence your nursing practice? Answer: Caring is the important and central aspect of nursing. Caring is a concept about moral idea rather than a job oriented task, especially in nursing (Watson 1996). Caring in nursing is caritas process which delineates the domain of nursing practice. A nurse is person who dedicates his/her life for serving of humanity. A famous phrase of Watson about caring influences me to perform the role of a nurse. It states about caring acknowledges as the peak form of commitment, to self, to society, to others and to environment. The caring environment that a nurse creates by his/ her love and dedication allow the clients to nourish in that environment happily. Being a nurse, happiness of a patient is the main concern. It gives them mental pleasure and encourages them to perform their role with more dedication and indomitable spirit. Apart from that other reasons which influence me are as follows. Nursing involves transpersonal caring which an intersubjective human to human relation. Here the transpersonal relationship exists between nurses and their patients. In this relationship utmost concern should taken for maintaining human dignity and preservation of humanity (Watson, 1998). By maintaining this kind of relation between a patient and a nurse there will be less chances of an ego clash. There is always a scope of teaching- learning experience. It teaches us to think critically, decrease errors in clinical judgement and improve clinical system. A nurse teaches us how to perform a duty without thinking of personal benefit (Hunt, 2013). Nurses always try to create a positive and vibrant environment always being supportive. The chances of healing a patient in this environment is more because patients are mentally very much content in that environment (Brown, Bishop Bar, 2013). They assist at most of their capability to fulfil the basic need of their patients. By fulfilling their needs nurses help those to reach a state where mind-body-spirit of a patient are in rest not in physically but mentally. Mental peace is very much needed for physical healing. All above factors leads me to take this novel work as my profession. References Brown, C., Bishop, M., Bar, B. (2013). Creating and Sustaining Peace Within for the Journey of Nursing Leadership. Nursing Administration Quarterly, 37(4), E1-E7. doi:10.1097/01.naq.0000434947.57388.b3 Hunt, D. (2013). The new nurse educator. New York: Springer Pub. Co.

Simple Interest Essay Example

Simple Interest Essay Discuss what simple interest is and how it is calculated. In your discussion examine the reasons for using simple interest.Simple interest is an example of arithmetic growth. In case of simple interest, the amount of interest generated is constant and is based on only the starting amount. The total amount of interest depends on the interest rate, the amount of money borrowed (principal) and the time period for which the money is borrowed. Simple interest is generally charged for borrowing money for short periods (normally used for a single period of less than a year), such as 30 or 60 days. Below is the formula for calculating simple interest is given:Simple Interest = P * R * NWhere,P = Principal (original amount borrowed or loaned)R = Interest rate for one periodN = Number of periods (usually number of years)Here one thing is important that if the Interest rate is given in percentage (%), than it should be divided by 100 and if the time period is given in month than it should be di vided by 12 as a year contains 12 months.The total amount (future value or maturity value) A will be equal to sum of principle and interest.A = P + SIA = P + P * R * NA = P (1+R*N)Suppose one borrows $1,000 for 2 years at 6% simple annual interest.Simple Interest = P * R * N= $ 1000 * 0.06 * 2= $ 120Therefore, the total amount that will be paid after 2 years will be $ 1000+ $120 = $1120.Reference:http://www.bbc.co.uk/scotland/education/bitesize/standard/mathsI/number_gen/interest_rev1.shtml accessed on 9 March 2007.